How Kremlin turned the exam into propaganda tool for youth

The Russian state history exam for high school graduates includes questions about the so-called “smo” heroes – 11 participants in Russia’s war against Ukraine. Their names are taken from a new ideologically aligned textbook on Russian history.

By forcing students to study the biographies of these war participants and promoting them, the Russian authorities aim to increase support for their armed aggression against Ukraine and bolster general support for the Kremlin’s actions. This is part of the strategy to cultivate a generation loyal to the Putin regime.

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